North American Frontier: Beginning and End.

In the early 1800s, a vast amount of unexplored earthly concern and untouched natural resources drove American pioneers towards the West. Ranchers, traders, farmers, and miners led the apparent motion with business men not far behind. Wealth, adventure and semipolitical power were the main course of motivations. The settlers by the thousands moved all over the Appalachian Mountains into new states and territories. They flocked into Texas, California, and other western lands belonging to Mexico.

The free-homestead indemnity of 1862 did its job at defeating land monopolies. Many farmers, however, lacked the economic mean to move West and manage a farm.But it was covered in corruption my speculators adn corporate investments. The Homestead Acts biggest weakness however, was not taking into account conditions on the frontier. The 160 acre lots were too hulky for irrigation and too small for dry-farming. At a later date, a revision of the policy was made and also failed. The Timber and surrender Land Acts, served only to attract lumber tycoons and cattlemen. In the end, homesteaders were often forced to settle on less bountiful paths, or pay the higher price to speculators.

With the forces. under the Pacific rail line Act, Union Pacific, Central Pacific, Northern Pacific, Santa Fe, and Southern Pacific railroads farmers in conclusion recieved a much needed break.



Led by railroad promoters to believe in a bountiful West that had still to be exploited, mass amounts of European immigrants were caught up in the causa West. The railroads provided exactly what the Homestead Acts did not: credit terms, good fiber advertisement, larger land tracts, special passenger rates, and farming confirm for future Western settlers. The Northern Pacific Railway even off promoted a method of wheat growing that could create a 100 percent profit. Lands sold by the railroads also hastened dependency because they provided the cheapest and...

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